THESIS
During the years of 1800-1848 the United States underwent a transformation that extended the nation's frontier, and improved the social, political, and economic views of Americans.
Important People
Melisa Fuentes
Andrew Jackson: First Important historical figure of this time period because he was the 1st common man to become president, champion of the “common man”, under his presidency known for bank veto, inciting the Indian Removal Act, Tariff of Abomination, and the Spoils System
John C. Calhoun: He was secretary of war and vice president under John Quincy Adams. He established the Second Bank of the United States. He wrote the South Carolina Exposition against the Tariff of 1828 which led to the Nullification Crisis, making him the second most important historical figure of this time period.
Henry Clay: Supporter for the American System, he was the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and known as the Great Compromiser being responsible for the Missouri Compromise, as well as other compromises like Comprise of 1850, making him the third most important historical figure of this time period.
Daniel Webster: Part of the “corrupt bargain” election of 1824. He after became Secretary of State. He became an influential leader of the Whig Party with his nationalistic views, making him the fourth most important historical figure of this time period.
John Quincy Adams: He was the sixth president of The United States, was part of the “corrupt bargain” election of 1824, hence winning his election because of majority of electoral votes. He wasn't very popular with the people and supported the land rights of Indians against white settlers, making him the fifth most important historical figure of this time period.
Martin Van Buren: Vice President and Secretary of State under Jackson’s presidency. He became the 8thpresident of the United States, Andrew Jackson’s successor. He Executed the Indian Removal Act with the Trail of Tears, making him the sixth most important historical figure of this time period.
James K. Polk: 11th President, Manifest Destiny, he believed it was America’s destiny to expand and achieved westward expansion, making him the seventh most important historical figure of this time period.
Henry David Thoreau: Part of the Transcendentalist Movement, known for writing “Civil Disobedience” where he said that individuals must not support the structure but break the law, making him the eighth most important historical figure of this time period.
Ralph Waldo Emerson: Part of the Transcendentalist Movement, he believed in ‘self-reliance’ encouraged people to think for themselves and self-improvement, helped the movement move further, making him the ninth most important historical figure of this time period.
William Lloyd Garrison: Strong abolitionist published his ideas on slavery on The Liberator and helped found the American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS), making him the tenth most important historical figure of this time period.
Bonus! : Charles G. Finney: Minister during the Second Great Awakening, his speeches was focused on emotion rather than reason and he encouraged women to pray out loud, making him the eleventh most important historical figure of this time.
John C. Calhoun: He was secretary of war and vice president under John Quincy Adams. He established the Second Bank of the United States. He wrote the South Carolina Exposition against the Tariff of 1828 which led to the Nullification Crisis, making him the second most important historical figure of this time period.
Henry Clay: Supporter for the American System, he was the Speaker of the House of Representatives, and known as the Great Compromiser being responsible for the Missouri Compromise, as well as other compromises like Comprise of 1850, making him the third most important historical figure of this time period.
Daniel Webster: Part of the “corrupt bargain” election of 1824. He after became Secretary of State. He became an influential leader of the Whig Party with his nationalistic views, making him the fourth most important historical figure of this time period.
John Quincy Adams: He was the sixth president of The United States, was part of the “corrupt bargain” election of 1824, hence winning his election because of majority of electoral votes. He wasn't very popular with the people and supported the land rights of Indians against white settlers, making him the fifth most important historical figure of this time period.
Martin Van Buren: Vice President and Secretary of State under Jackson’s presidency. He became the 8thpresident of the United States, Andrew Jackson’s successor. He Executed the Indian Removal Act with the Trail of Tears, making him the sixth most important historical figure of this time period.
James K. Polk: 11th President, Manifest Destiny, he believed it was America’s destiny to expand and achieved westward expansion, making him the seventh most important historical figure of this time period.
Henry David Thoreau: Part of the Transcendentalist Movement, known for writing “Civil Disobedience” where he said that individuals must not support the structure but break the law, making him the eighth most important historical figure of this time period.
Ralph Waldo Emerson: Part of the Transcendentalist Movement, he believed in ‘self-reliance’ encouraged people to think for themselves and self-improvement, helped the movement move further, making him the ninth most important historical figure of this time period.
William Lloyd Garrison: Strong abolitionist published his ideas on slavery on The Liberator and helped found the American Anti-Slavery Society (AASS), making him the tenth most important historical figure of this time period.
Bonus! : Charles G. Finney: Minister during the Second Great Awakening, his speeches was focused on emotion rather than reason and he encouraged women to pray out loud, making him the eleventh most important historical figure of this time.
Events
Jackeline Matos
1. Missouri Compromise: admitted Missouri as slave, Maine as free; a line (36,30) drawn between slave and free states.
2. The Market Revolution: a drastic change in the manual labor system originating in south (but was soon moved to the north) and later spread to the entire world.
3. The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States, which expressed Armenian theology by which every person could be saved through revivals.
4. In the 19th century, Manifest Destiny was the widely held belief in the United States that American settlers were destined to expand throughout the continent.
5.Transcendentalism was an intellectual movement rooted in the religious soil of New England.
6. Abolitionism is a movement to end slavery, whether formal or informal. In Western European and America,abolitionism was a historical movement to end the African and Indian slave trade and set slaves free.
7. The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention. It advertised itself as "a convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of woman".
8. A temperance movement is a social movement urging personal moderation in the consumption of alcoholic beverages.
9.The Panic of 1837 was a financial crisis in the United States that touched off a major recession that lasted until the mid-1840s. Profits, prices and wages went down while unemployment went up.
10. The Election of 1824 marked the final collapse of the Republican-Federalist political framework. For the first time no candidate ran as a Federalist, while five significant candidates competed as Democratic-Republicans.
2. The Market Revolution: a drastic change in the manual labor system originating in south (but was soon moved to the north) and later spread to the entire world.
3. The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States, which expressed Armenian theology by which every person could be saved through revivals.
4. In the 19th century, Manifest Destiny was the widely held belief in the United States that American settlers were destined to expand throughout the continent.
5.Transcendentalism was an intellectual movement rooted in the religious soil of New England.
6. Abolitionism is a movement to end slavery, whether formal or informal. In Western European and America,abolitionism was a historical movement to end the African and Indian slave trade and set slaves free.
7. The Seneca Falls Convention was the first women's rights convention. It advertised itself as "a convention to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of woman".
8. A temperance movement is a social movement urging personal moderation in the consumption of alcoholic beverages.
9.The Panic of 1837 was a financial crisis in the United States that touched off a major recession that lasted until the mid-1840s. Profits, prices and wages went down while unemployment went up.
10. The Election of 1824 marked the final collapse of the Republican-Federalist political framework. For the first time no candidate ran as a Federalist, while five significant candidates competed as Democratic-Republicans.
Influences
Erick Diaz
Prior to the Louisiana Purchase, the United States’ frontier was set at the Appalachian Mountains. Part of the reason why the American frontier was set so close to its center civilization, was because the territory out west was owned by the Spaniard and the French. Jefferson, a strict interpreter of the constitution, bought this land mass from the French in 1803; the purchase of this land opened the gateway to the expansion of American civilization westward.
The War of 1812, nicknamed Madison’s war, was fought by United States and Great Britain. A major influence that lead up to the war was American soldiers impressment by the British. This problem led to a quick declaration of war. American ragtag army and navy managed to hold on somehow. There was no definite winning side as a result. However, the United States received many war heroes from this war, one of the most recognizable would be Andrew Jackson.
Under the Jackson administration the Bank War of 1832 occurred. The Bank War was a dilemma between Jackson and the re-chartering of the National Bank. Daniel Webster and Henry Clay presented congress the bill to charter the national bank, congress approved the national bank. However when it came to the executive branch Andrew Jackson vetoed the charter, Jackson claimed the National Bank was unconstitutional. However, the court case McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) declared the bank constitutional, therefore Jackson’s action acted as if the executive brank had more power than that of the judicial.
The economic panic in 1837, known more commonly as the Panic of 1837, was a financial meltdown in the United States. The Panic occurred as a directed result from Jackson’s veto of the national bank. This was not the only cause of the economic failure; over speculations of western lands was a major cause, western settlers buying land on credit and not being able to repay that credit caused this over speculation.
Under the Jackson administration a bill was passed by Congress in the 1830 called the Indian Removal act. The Indian Removal Act did exactly as the named told; it removed the Indians from their homes. Although passed during Jackson’s presidency, the bill was enforced under Martin Van Buren’s administration. The Indian Removal Act removed Native Americans from the tribes, Cherokees, Creek, Choctaws, Chickasaws and Seminoles. This removal leads to the notorious Trail of Tears in which approximately four thousand Cherokees were killed.
The War of 1812, nicknamed Madison’s war, was fought by United States and Great Britain. A major influence that lead up to the war was American soldiers impressment by the British. This problem led to a quick declaration of war. American ragtag army and navy managed to hold on somehow. There was no definite winning side as a result. However, the United States received many war heroes from this war, one of the most recognizable would be Andrew Jackson.
Under the Jackson administration the Bank War of 1832 occurred. The Bank War was a dilemma between Jackson and the re-chartering of the National Bank. Daniel Webster and Henry Clay presented congress the bill to charter the national bank, congress approved the national bank. However when it came to the executive branch Andrew Jackson vetoed the charter, Jackson claimed the National Bank was unconstitutional. However, the court case McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) declared the bank constitutional, therefore Jackson’s action acted as if the executive brank had more power than that of the judicial.
The economic panic in 1837, known more commonly as the Panic of 1837, was a financial meltdown in the United States. The Panic occurred as a directed result from Jackson’s veto of the national bank. This was not the only cause of the economic failure; over speculations of western lands was a major cause, western settlers buying land on credit and not being able to repay that credit caused this over speculation.
Under the Jackson administration a bill was passed by Congress in the 1830 called the Indian Removal act. The Indian Removal Act did exactly as the named told; it removed the Indians from their homes. Although passed during Jackson’s presidency, the bill was enforced under Martin Van Buren’s administration. The Indian Removal Act removed Native Americans from the tribes, Cherokees, Creek, Choctaws, Chickasaws and Seminoles. This removal leads to the notorious Trail of Tears in which approximately four thousand Cherokees were killed.
Effects of the Time Period
Camila Chapman
1. Jacksonian Era: The Jacksonian was best described as the period of the ¨common man", affecting the political, social, and economic characteristics of the United States. Andrew Jackson introduced the Spoil System, allowing officials to hold government jobs based on political connections. He also expanded white male franchise, allowing non-owning white males to have the right to vote, believing the government should be controlled by the common people. Jackson vote the re-charter of the Bank of the United States, he viewed the bank as a ¨tool for the rich to get richer of the poor's expense¨. It then became one of the main causes of the Panic of 1837.
2. Westward Expansion: In 1803 Thomas Jefferson acquired the Louisiana territory from from Napoleon, of France. He believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution, therefore, he acquired the land through the Louisiana Purchase Treaty in April 3, 1803. It gave the United States total control of the Mississippi River, and doubled the size of the country overnight; promoting Westward Expansion. It set a belief that is was American's destiny to expand throughout the continent, know as Manifest Destiny.
3. Antebellum Era: The Antebellum period is considered the period after the war of 1812 and before the Civil War. It was a time of significant changes in the United States, as the Market Revolution shifted the nations economy from agricultural to industrial urbanization. The Mark Revolution introduced the invention of the cotton gin, interchangeable parts, canals, and the development of roads and trains. Most of the industrialization took place in the North, which is why the Northern and Southern states were grew further apart; because of social, economical and political differences.
4. The Second Great Awakening: Like the First Great Awakening, the Second Great Awakening was a religious revival movement based on Baptism and Methodism. It established many reform movement designed to remedy of evil in society before the coming of Jesus Christ through the acts of good deeds. It attracted women, and blacks. The reform movement was a widespread movement against different cruelty of society, like prison reform, temperance, slavery, mental health, and women's rights. Women were the main advocates behind these movement.
5. The Missouri Compromise (1829): While Missouri wanted to enter the United States as a slave state, congress wanted to keep the balance between slave states and free states. Theretofore, the Missouri Compromise was made, allowing Missouri to enter the nation as a slave state while Maine entered as a free state. The compromise also passed an amendment drawing an imaginary line through the Louisiana territory setting a boundary between free states and slave states.
6. The Era of Good Feelings: It was the period of one political party, the Republican, during the Presidency of James Monroe. The era reflected America's high moral after the War of 1812. Though Washington D.C. was burned down Americans were still satisfied about the outcome of the war because neither side lost or won and no land was taken away from either country. The nation spirit hit its climax in the election of 1820, which James Monroe won against John Q. Adams, and when the Panic of 1819 happened.
2. Westward Expansion: In 1803 Thomas Jefferson acquired the Louisiana territory from from Napoleon, of France. He believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution, therefore, he acquired the land through the Louisiana Purchase Treaty in April 3, 1803. It gave the United States total control of the Mississippi River, and doubled the size of the country overnight; promoting Westward Expansion. It set a belief that is was American's destiny to expand throughout the continent, know as Manifest Destiny.
3. Antebellum Era: The Antebellum period is considered the period after the war of 1812 and before the Civil War. It was a time of significant changes in the United States, as the Market Revolution shifted the nations economy from agricultural to industrial urbanization. The Mark Revolution introduced the invention of the cotton gin, interchangeable parts, canals, and the development of roads and trains. Most of the industrialization took place in the North, which is why the Northern and Southern states were grew further apart; because of social, economical and political differences.
4. The Second Great Awakening: Like the First Great Awakening, the Second Great Awakening was a religious revival movement based on Baptism and Methodism. It established many reform movement designed to remedy of evil in society before the coming of Jesus Christ through the acts of good deeds. It attracted women, and blacks. The reform movement was a widespread movement against different cruelty of society, like prison reform, temperance, slavery, mental health, and women's rights. Women were the main advocates behind these movement.
5. The Missouri Compromise (1829): While Missouri wanted to enter the United States as a slave state, congress wanted to keep the balance between slave states and free states. Theretofore, the Missouri Compromise was made, allowing Missouri to enter the nation as a slave state while Maine entered as a free state. The compromise also passed an amendment drawing an imaginary line through the Louisiana territory setting a boundary between free states and slave states.
6. The Era of Good Feelings: It was the period of one political party, the Republican, during the Presidency of James Monroe. The era reflected America's high moral after the War of 1812. Though Washington D.C. was burned down Americans were still satisfied about the outcome of the war because neither side lost or won and no land was taken away from either country. The nation spirit hit its climax in the election of 1820, which James Monroe won against John Q. Adams, and when the Panic of 1819 happened.